Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized
by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) …

Despite recent advances in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD), morbidity
and mortality rates in these patients remain high. While pressure-mediated injury is a well …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the fastest growing causes of chronic kidney
disease and associated morbidity and mortality. Preclinical research has demonstrated the …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most debilitating chronic diseases worldwide, with
increased prevalence and incidence. In addition to its macrovascular damage, through its …

Atherosclerosis remains the underlying process responsible for cardiovascular diseases
and the high mortality rates associated. This chronic inflammatory disease progresses with …

Background Aging is associated with impaired renal function and structural alterations.
Oxidative stress plays a vital role in renal senescence and damage. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is …

Recent studies suggested that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were associated with the
pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this investigation was to …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common and severe complication of diabetes mellitus. If
left untreated, DKD can advance to end stage renal disease that requires either dialysis or …

Background Septic acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is the leading form of acute kidney failure
among hospitalized patients, and the inflammatory response is involved in this process. 4 …

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regultes the
cellular antioxidant defense system at the posttranscriptional level. During oxidative stress …