Abstract BRAIN RETRACTION IS required for adequate exposure during many intracranial
procedures. The incidence of contusion or infarction from overzealous brain retraction is …

We review here the literature in both animal models and humans concerning electrical
activity, blood flow, and metabolism in the hemisphere contralateral to unilateral cerebral …

This paper reviews the literature of the brain retraction injury during the last century. The
review focused on the instrument characteristic as well as the physiopathological and …

Object. The aim of this observational clinical study was to analyze the impact of
neurophysiological intraoperative monitoring (IOM) on the surgical procedure and to assess …

✓ The use of brain retractors in intracranial operations may lead to focal cerebral ischemia
and thereby cause brain infarction. To estimate the risk of ischemic damages, the authors …

✓ A considerable reduction in regional cerebral blood flow has been demonstrated with
brain retraction at a pressure of 30 mm Hg. The authors undertook a neuropathological …

Undue intraoperative brain retraction can cause significant neurosurgical morbidity. By
combining brain retractor blade pressure measurement with monitoring of brain electrical …

Pressure of brain retraction was measured with a strain gauge spatula in 31 cases of 21
tumours and 10 aneurysms. They were operated on via different approaches: subfrontal (10 …

Self-retaining brain retractors (SRBR) are commonly used during intracranial surgery and
they are indispensable during microneurosurgery. To evaluate limitations in the employment …

OBJECTIVE Temporal lobe encephaloceles and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea from temporal
bone defects that involve the tegmen tympani and mastoideum are generally repaired using …