Several enteric protozoa cause severe morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals
worldwide. In developed settings, enteric protozoa are often ignored as a cause of diarrheal …

The use of partially treated and untreated wastewater for irrigation is beneficial in agriculture
but may be associated with human health risks. Reports from different locations globally …

Wastewater reuse for agriculture is common worldwide; wastewater treatment, however, is
rare in many countries, leading to high potential for exposure to harmful pathogens. Mexico …

The understanding of the risk to humans from exposure to pathogens has been firmly put
into a risk assessment framework. A key element of applying this approach is the …

Risk assessments related to use of water and safety of fresh produce originate from both
water and food microbiology studies. Although the set‐up and methodology of risk …

Sewage sludge (SS) is a biosolid that includes nutrients, organic matter, and a mixture of
micropollutants and pathogens. Regarding its final disposal, several criteria should be met …

The use of sludge in agriculture has been encouraged as a means of increasing soil nutrient
content and improving the water holding capacity. On the negative side, major public health …

With a rapidly growing urban population in Kumasi, Ghana, the consumption of street food is
increasing. Raw salads, which often accompany street food dishes, are typically composed …

Wastewater may contain contaminants harmful to human health; hence, there is the need for
treatment before discharge. Centralized wastewater treatment systems are the favored …

The study estimated the risk due to Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Ascaris, associated with
non-potable water reuse in the city of Jaipur, India. The study first determined the exposure …