Background There is a need for a comprehensive and critical review of the literature to
inform scientific debates about the public health effects of waterpipe smoking. The objective …

Tobacco smoking with a water pipe or hookah is increasing globally. There are millions of
water pipe tobacco smokers worldwide, and in the United States, water pipe use is more …

Introduction: Some electronic cigarette (ECIG) users attain tobacco cigarette–like plasma
nicotine concentrations while others do not. Understanding the factors that influence ECIG …

BACKGROUND: Waterpipe (hookah, shisha) tobacco smoking has spread worldwide. Many
waterpipe smokers believe that, relative to cigarettes, waterpipes are associated with lower …

Objectives Waterpipe smoking using sweetened, flavoured tobacco products has become a
widespread global phenomenon. In this paper, we review chemical, physical and biological …

Hookah or waterpipe smoking or use is an emerging trend in the US population, especially
among the youth. The misperception of hookah being less harmful than cigarettes and the …

Objective: To examine the prevalence and potential health risks of waterpipe tobacco
smoking. Methods: A literature review was performed to compile information relating to …

Context: The global tobacco epidemic may kill 10 million people annually in the next 20–30
years, with 70% of these deaths occurring in developing countries. Current research …

In the past decade waterpipe (WP) smoking (aka hookah, shisha, and narghile) has been
steadily spreading among the youth around the world. The allure of this tobacco use method …

Narghile, or water-pipe smoking (WPS), has been practiced extensively for∼ 400 years. It is
common in the Arabian Peninsula, Turkey, India, Pakistan, and other countries. In recent …