Exposure to microplastics (MP) in aquatic environment leads to bioaccumulation in fish, with
MP size being a major factor in determining the accumulation profile. MPs absorbed into the …

Cellular immune responses consist of innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune
mechanisms, where all leukocyte subpopulations are included. Among these are vital …

Microplastics (MPs) have the potential to interact with the toxicity of other common
environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals. Here, we investigated the impacts of …

Climate change‐induced extreme temperature events are becoming more intense and
frequent. For fish, temperature is the master abiotic factor that controls and limits fish …

The immune system is composed of two subsystems—the innate immune system and the
adaptive immune system. The innate immune system is the first to respond to pathogens and …

Blood analyses provide substantial information about the physiological aspects of animal
welfare assessment, including the activation status of the neuroendocrine and immune …

It is well known that healthy gut microbiota is essential to promote host health and well‐
being. The intestinal microbiota of endothermic animals as well as fish are classified as …

Given that the expansion of the aquaculture industry is associated with increased
environmental impact and its strong dependence on fishmeal in the diet, the use of biofloc …

In intensive farming systems, fish are held at high densities, which may increase stress,
leading to susceptibility to diseases that result in economic losses. Therefore, effective …

Infectious diseases in fish represent a major problem for the aquaculture field as they
produce extensive damages and loss. Over the last few years, with increased development …