One hundred years have passed since the death of Élie Metchnikoff (1845–1916). He was
the first to observe the uptake of particles by cells and realized the importance of this …

Phagocytosis is a remarkably complex and versatile process: it contributes to innate
immunity through the ingestion and elimination of pathogens, while also being central to …

RhoA is a ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic protein that belongs to the family of small
GTPases. RhoA acts as a molecular switch that is activated in response to binding of …

This review focuses on one family of the known cAMP receptors, the exchange proteins
directly activated by cAMP (EPACs), also known as the cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide …

Phosphatidylserine recognition receptors are a highly diverse set of receptors grouped by
their ability to recognize the 'eat‐me'signal phosphatidylserine on apoptotic cells. Most of the …

Macrophages are best known for their protective search and destroy functions against
invading microorganisms. These processes are commonly known as chemotaxis and …

Resolution of acute inflammation is an active process governed by specialized proresolving
mediators, including resolvin (Rv) D2, that activates a cell surface G protein–coupled …

Previous studies have discovered a lot of immune-related genes responding to white spot
syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in crustacean. However, little information is available in …

Glial cells are receiving much attention since they have been recognized as important
regulators of many aspects of brain function and disease. Recent evidence has revealed …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are two progressive,
fatal neurodegenerative syndromes with considerable clinical, genetic and pathological …