This article surveys recent data and empirical literature on (trends in) unionization and its
determinants in advanced countries. There are some robust stylized facts, for instance that …

This survey outlines the main trends and determinants of unionization and collective
bargaining across a wide range of countries and regions. It shows that union membership …

Union density still varies considerably across Europe. This cross-national diversity has
inspired multiple explanations ranging from institutional to workplace or socio-demographic …

In 2000 the political leaders of the European Union declared that strong economic growth
and advance towards a knowledge society, together with a high degree of social cohesion …

This paper examines changes in unionization that have occurred over the last decade or so
using individual level micro data on many countries, with particular emphasis on the United …

Using representative individual‐level data from the first round of the European Social Survey
fielded in 2002/03, this article provides an empirical analysis of unionisation in 18 countries …

Union density declined in Finland by more than 10 percentage points in less than 10 years.
This paper analyses the reasons behind the decline, using micro data from the 1990s …

The aim is to explain why union density is not only considerably higher in the Ghent country
Sweden than in non-Ghent Norway but also why it has declined much more in Sweden, in …

Unionization in Germany has declined considerably during the last two decades. We
estimate the impact of socioeconomic and workplace-related variables on union …

Using surveys from the International Social Survey Programme covering the period 1985–
2002 for seven European countries (West and East Germany, Sweden, Norway, Italy, the …