The pancreatic β-cell plays a key role in glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin, the only
hormone capable of lowering the blood glucose concentration. Impaired insulin secretion …

Voltage-gated calcium channels are required for many key functions in the body. In this
review, the different subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels are described and their …

Ion channels play a central role in the regulation of nearly every cellular process. Dating
back to the classic 1952 Hodgkin–Huxley model of the generation of the action potential, ion …

Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of both type 1 and
type 2 diabetes. Insulin, which is produced in β-cells, is a critical regulator of metabolism …

Over the past decades, hypomagnesemia (serum Mg2+< 0.7 mmol/L) has been strongly
associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with hypomagnesemia show a …

The L-type Cav1. 2 calcium channel is present throughout the animal kingdom and is
essential for some aspects of CNS function, cardiac and smooth muscle contractility …

Most cells in the body acquire iron via receptor-mediated endocytosis of transferrin, the
circulating iron transport protein. When cellular iron levels are sufficient, the uptake of …

ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels) link cell metabolism to electrical activity
by controlling the cell membrane potential. They participate in many physiological processes …

The glucoregulatory hormones insulin and glucagon are released from the β-and α-cells of
the pancreatic islets. In both cell types, secretion is secondary to firing of action potentials …

Abstract Changes in cytosolic free Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+] c) play a crucial role in the
control of insulin secretion from the electrically excitable pancreatic β-cell. Secretion is …