The metabolically hostile tumour microenvironment imposes barriers to tumour-infiltrating
immune cells and impedes durable clinical remission following immunotherapy. Metabolic …

Amino acids are fundamental building blocks supporting life. Their role in protein synthesis
is well defined, but they contribute to a host of other intracellular metabolic pathways …

Abstract l-Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) is involved in
the regulation of immunity, neuronal function and intestinal homeostasis. Imbalances in Trp …

Amino acids are the building blocks of protein synthesis. They are structural elements and
energy sources of cells necessary for normal cell growth, differentiation and function. Amino …

Myeloid cells comprise a major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that
promotes tumor growth and immune evasion. By employing a small-molecule inhibitor of …

Choices have consequences. Immune cells survey and migrate throughout the body and
sometimes take residence in niche environments with distinct communities of cells …

In recent years a substantial number of findings have been made in the area of
immunometabolism, by which we mean the changes in intracellular metabolic pathways in …

Dendritic cells (DCs), the most efficient antigen-presenting cells, are necessary for the
effective activation of naïve T cells. DCs can also acquire tolerogenic functions in vivo and in …

While metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells has long been considered from the
standpoint of how and why cancer cells preferentially utilize glucose via aerobic glycolysis …

Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2) catalyze
the commitment step of the kynurenine (KYN) metabolic pathway. Traditionally the …