ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) has a multiplicity of physiological roles that
revolve around its trivalent function: a negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system …

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome and represents the final path of numerous heart
diseases. Coronary artery disease is recognized as the primary risk factor for heart failure …

Background The role of coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the treatment of patients
with coronary artery disease and heart failure has not been clearly established. Methods …

Background The role of assessment of myocardial viability in identifying patients with
ischemic cardiomyopathy who might benefit from surgical revascularization remains …

ESC Guidelines 2389 disclosure forms are kept on file at the European Heart House,
headquarters of the ESC. Any changes in conflict of interest that arise during the writing …

Background The assessment of myocardial viability has been used to identify patients with
coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction in whom coronary-artery bypass …

Patients with known cardiovascular disease who have not had a recent acute event are
often referred to as having stable coronary artery disease (CAD). The concept of 'stable'CAD …

Patients with heart failure (HF) syndromes have been categorized as those with reduced
ejection fraction (EF) or preserved EF (HFpEF), and ischemia plays a key role in both types …

Importance Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death globally. Coronary artery
bypass graft (CABG) surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are the …

The increase in heart failure (HF) rates throughout the developed and developing regions of
the world poses enormous challenges for caregivers, researchers, and policymakers …