Alarmins are endogenous, constitutively expressed, chemotacting and immune activating
proteins or peptides released because of non-programmed cell death (ie infections, trauma …

Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family and a multifunctional cytokine,
plays critical roles in maintaining host homeostasis and in pathological conditions, such as …

Introduction Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that frequently
develops in patients with psoriasis (PsO) but can also occur spontaneously. As a result, PsA …

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that can lead to ankylosis
by secondary ossification of inflammatory lesions, with progressive disability and a …

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a nuclear factor mainly expressed in barrier epithelium, endothelial
cells, and fibroblast reticular cells. Some inflammatory cells also express IL-33 under certain …

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) constitute a group of chronic inflammatory immune-mediated
rheumatic diseases characterized by genetic, clinical, and radiological features. Recent …

Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs) are the largest class of E3 ubiquitin ligases regulating the
stability and subsequent activity of a large number of important proteins responsible for the …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that occurs mainly in synovial
joints, causing synovial inflammation and joint injury. If diagnosed and treated in time, the …

Abstract Purpose of Review Axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) is among the rheumatology's
most heritable complex diseases, yet precision medicine at clinics still needs to be explored …

Abstract Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, which serves as both a
cytokine and a nuclear factor. IL-33 is primarily expressed by keratinocytes, epithelial and …