With the explosion of neuroimaging, differences between male and female brains have been
exhaustively analyzed. Here we synthesize three decades of human MRI and postmortem …

Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with children's brain and behavioral
development. Several theories propose that early experiences of adversity or low SES can …

Over the past two decades, there has been a tremendous increase in our understanding of
structural and functional brain development in adolescence. However, understanding the …

A fundamental task in neuroscience is to characterize the brain's developmental course.
While replicable group-level models of structural brain development from childhood to …

Brain subcortical structures are paramount in many cognitive functions and their aberrations
during infancy are predisposed to various neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric …

Sleep is a basic need. Mounting evidence suggests this is particularly true during
adolescence, a developmental period involving substantial changes in the brain regions …

Research has demonstrated that adolescence is an important time for self-and other-
oriented development that underlies many skills vital for becoming a contributing member of …

Background Emerging findings have increased concern that exposure to fine particulate
matter air pollution (aerodynamic diameter≤ 2.5 μm; PM 2.5) may be neurotoxic, even at …

The onset of adolescence in humans is marked by hormonal changes that give rise to
secondary sexual characteristics, noted as puberty. It has, however, proven challenging to …

Importance Neighborhood disadvantage is an important social determinant of health in
childhood and adolescence. Less is known about the association of neighborhood …