About 5% of American women and 12% of men will develop a kidney stone at some time in
their life, and prevalence has been rising in both sexes. Approximately 80% of stones are …

The crystal structure of the dimeric membrane domain of human Band 3 1, the red cell
chloride/bicarbonate anion exchanger 1 (AE1, SLC4A1), provides a structural context for …

Recent research has provided an abundance of new information on membrane
biochemistry. Now more than ever, it is essential to update our current understanding of …

ARC syndrome (OMIM 208085) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder
characterized by neurogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, renal tubular dysfunction …

The kidneys have a central role in the control of acid–base homeostasis owing to
bicarbonate reabsorption and production of ammonia and ammonium in the proximal tubule …

Adaptor protein (AP) complexes are heterotetramers that select cargo for inclusion into
transport vesicles. Five AP complexes (AP-1 to AP-5) have been described, each with a …

Most cells are polarized and have distinct plasma membrane domains, which are the result
of polarized trafficking of proteins and lipids. Great progress has been made in elucidating …

Acid-base homeostasis is critical to maintenance of normal health. Renal ammonia
excretion is the quantitatively predominant component of renal net acid excretion, both …

SUMMARY Plasmalemmal Cl–/HCO3–exchangers are encoded by the SLC4 and SLC26
gene superfamilies, and function to regulate intracellular pH,[Cl–] and cell volume. The Cl …

Plasmalemmal Cl−–HCO3− exchangers regulate intracellular pH and [Cl−] and cell volume.
In polarized epithelial cells, they contribute also to transepithelial secretion and reabsorption …