Hypersaline brines are of growing environmental concern. While high-salinity desalination
and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) are increasingly attractive treatment options, the high salt …

Desalination is perceived as an effective and reliable process for obtaining freshwater from
aqueous saline solutions such as brackish water, seawater and brine. This can be clarified …

Direct membrane filtration has shown great potential in wastewater treatment and resource
recovery in terms of its superior treated water quality, efficient nutrient recovery, and …

Globally, reverse osmosis desalination systems are widely utilized as they have the
cheapest freshwater production cost. On the contrary, reverse osmosis systems have high …

The saline wastewater from various sources including agriculture and industrial activities,
appears to have high salt concentration, organic content and other pollutants which can …

Brine, also known as concentrate, is the by-product of the desalination process that has an
adverse impact on the environment due to its high salinity. Hence, viable and cost-effective …

Energy-efficient desalination and water treatment technologies play a critical role in
augmenting freshwater resources without placing an excessive strain on limited energy …

Forward osmosis is an emerging osmosis-driven membrane process, which has benefits of
low energy consumption, low operational pressure, easy equipment, and low fouling. This …

Rapid population growth and industrialization have contributed to a dramatic decline in the
supply of freshwater. As a result, desalination is an important choice to solve the global …

With the rising level of atmospheric CO2 worsening climate change, a promising global
movement toward carbon neutrality is forming. Sustainable CO2 management based on …