The rapid development of information technology has led to urgent requirements for high
efficiency and ultralow power consumption. In the past few decades, neuromorphic …

Sensory memory, formed at the beginning while perceiving and interacting with the
environment, is considered a primary source of intelligence. Transferring such biological …

Associative learning, a critical learning principle to improve an individual's adaptability, has
been emulated by few organic electrochemical devices. However, complicated bias …

Van der Waals heterostructures are formed by stacking layers of different two-dimensional
materials and offer the possibility to design new materials with atomic-level precision. By …

Synapses are essential to the transmission of nervous signals. Synaptic plasticity allows
changes in synaptic strength that make a brain capable of learning from experience. During …

Emulation of biological synapses is an important step toward construction of large-scale
brain-inspired electronics. Despite remarkable progress in emulating synaptic functions …

Biological synapses store and process information simultaneously by tuning the connection
between two neighboring neurons. Such functionality inspires the task of hardware …

Improvements in computing performance have significantly slowed down over the past few
years owing to the intrinsic limitations of computing hardware. However, the demand for data …

If a three-dimensional physical electronic system emulating synapse networks could be built,
that would be a significant step toward neuromorphic computing. However, the fabrication …

DOI: 10.1002/adma. 201506363 emulate the presynaptic membrane at which presynaptic
spikes are applied. Electrical pulses that are analogous to presynaptic spikes are applied to …