Spreading depression (SD) is a transient wave of near-complete neuronal and glial
depolarization associated with massive transmembrane ionic and water shifts. It is …

The incidence of age-related dementia is increasing as the world population ages and due
to lack of effective treatments for dementia. Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment …

Cerebrovascular abnormalities have emerged as a preclinical manifestation of Alzheimer's
disease and frontotemporal dementia, diseases characterized by the accumulation of …

Neuroprotection for ischemic stroke refers to strategies, applied singly or in combination, that
antagonize the injurious biochemical and molecular events that eventuate in irreversible …

Background and Purpose—Reperfusion disrupts cerebral capillaries, causing cerebral
edema and hemorrhage. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induces the matrix …

Nitric oxide (NO) reversibly inhibited oxygen consumption of brain synaptosomes. Inhibition
was reversible, occurred at the level of cytochrome oxidase, and was apparently competitive …

The penumbra is an area of brain tissue that is damaged but not yet dead after focal
ischemia. The existence of a penumbra implies that therapeutic salvage is theoretically …

Background—The pathogenesis of and relationship between small deep (lacunar) infarcts,
cerebral white matter disease (leukoaraiosis or white matter hyperintensities), and …

The proposal that nitric oxide (NO) or its reactant products mediate toxicity in brain remains
controversial in part because of the use of nonselective agents that block NO formation in …

There is increasing evidence that nitric oxide (NO), a free radical that can act both as a
signaling molecule and a neurotoxin, is involved in the mechanisms of cerebral ischemia …