The rhesus macaque is an important model species in several branches of science,
including neuroscience, psychology, ethology, and medicine. The utility of the macaque …

Highlights•Curiosity is an intrinsic information-seeking drive.•Observing tasks allow the
separation of information from reward.•Functionally, curiosity can be defined as the control of …

The experimental investigation of decision-making in humans relies on two distinct types of
paradigms, involving either description-or experience-based choices. In description-based …

The neural mechanisms mediating sensory-guided decision-making have received
considerable attention, but animals often pursue behaviors for which there is currently no …

Much of traditional neuroeconomics proceeds from the hypothesis that value is reified in the
brain, that is, that there are neurons or brain regions whose responses serve the discrete …

Humans and other animals evolved to make decisions that extend over time with continuous
and ever-changing options. Nonetheless, the academic study of decision-making is mostly …

A fundamental but rarely contested assumption in economics and neuroeconomics is that
decision-makers compute subjective values of risky options by multiplying functions of …

When choosing between options, we must associate their values with the actions needed to
select them. We hypothesize that the brain solves this binding problem through neural …

Economic choice proceeds from evaluation, in which we contemplate options, to selection,
in which we weigh options and choose one. These stages must be differentiated so that …

Reinforcement learning is a theoretical framework that describes how agents learn to select
options that maximize rewards and minimize punishments over time. We often make …