The objective of this review is to consider the psychological (largely behavioral) and
biological [neurochemical, medical (including genetic), and pharmacological] theories and …

Background Persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) often show challenging behaviour. We
review distinct interventions that are applied to treat these challenging behaviours, and …

Self-injurious behaviour is purportedly common in autism, but prevalence rates have not yet
been synthesised meta-analytically. In the present study, data from 14,379 participants in …

This project aimed to bring together the available information on the number of disabled
people living in residential institutions in 28 European countries, and to identify successful …

We evaluated the independent association between adaptive behavior, communication and
repetitive or ritualistic behaviors and self-injury, aggression and destructive behavior to …

Background There are few studies documenting the persistence of self-injury in individuals
with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and consequently limited data on behavioural and …

Objective While it is generally accepted that adults with intellectual and developmental
disabilities (IDDs) use health services to a greater extent than the general population, there …

Background Given the paucity of relevant data, this study estimates the cost of intellectual
disability (ID) to families and the government in Australia. Method Family costs were …

The effectiveness of different interventions for challenging behavior (CB) in persons with
intellectual disabilities (ID) was reviewed by means of a two-phase study. First, a systematic …

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are at a higher risk of developing problem
behaviour (PB). The prevalence varies from study to study depending on the definition of PB …