PROBLEM: Maternal “rejection” of the implanted conceptus is considered to account for a
significant proportion of miscarriages (abortions) in both humans and animals. Our …

As the most common cause of sexually transmitted disease in women, chlamydial infections
can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. To better …

Inhibition of class II trans-activator (CIITA) expression prevents embryonic trophoblast cells
from up-regulating MHC class II genes in response to IFN-γ. This is thought to be one …

Thyroid autoantibodies are risk factors in human pregnancy. To investigate the influence of
autoimmune thyroiditis on pregnancy, we have studied the impact of murine experimental …

Immune regulation during pregnancy is complex, and thus an optimal therapy for pregnancy
complications is always a big challenge to reproductive medicine. Cyclosporin A (CsA), a …

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E is a nonclassic HLA class I molecule whose expression
at the cell surface of tumor cells might allow them to escape T-and natural killer (NK)-cell …

Lack of MHC-mediated antigen presenting functions of fetal trophoblast cells is an important
mechanism to evade maternal immune recognition. In this study we demonstrated that the …

Pregnancy represents an immunological paradox where the maternal immune system must
tolerate the semi-allogeneic fetus expressing paternally-derived Ags. Accumulating …

PROBLEM: Class II major histocompatibility antigens occupy a central role in the
development of humoral or cellular immunologic responses. Surprisingly, in the maternal …

The nonclassic human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DM molecules have been proved to
positively regulate antigen presentation in classic antigen-presenting cells, whereas in B …