Abstract The International Ocean Model Benchmarking (IOMB) software package is a new
community resource that we use here to evaluate surface and upper ocean biogeochemical …

This paper examines the seasonal variability of surface ocean pCO 2 and pH in the northern
Indian Ocean. It aims to identify their controlling factors using a high-resolution, regional …

The consideration of marine biogeochemistry is essential for simulating the carbon cycle in
an Earth system model. Here we present the implementation and evaluation of a marine …

Global climate model (GCM) simulations of coupled model inter-comparison project phase 5
are being widely used for projections of the future climate change. The present study …

This paper examines the impacts of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) Mode on the upper ocean
carbon cycle and its variability in the Indian Ocean with available biogeochemical …

Abstract The El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the equatorial Pacific is the dominant
mode of global air‐sea carbon dioxide (CO2) flux interannual variability (IAV). Air‐sea CO2 …

Estimation of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2) and its space-time variability in
global surface ocean waters is essential for understanding the carbon cycle and predicting …

The global ocean stores about 1/4 of anthropogenic CO 2, and the North Atlantic (NA) is the
second largest region of the oceanic carbon sink. The Coupled Model Intercomparison …

Large spread appears in the projection of air-sea CO2 fluxes using the latest simulations
from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). Here, two methods are …

We use a statistical emulation technique to construct synthetic ensembles of global and
regional sea‐air carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from four observation‐based products over 1985 …