The culmination of over a century's work to understand the role of the immune system in
tumor control has led to the recent advances in cancer immunotherapies that have resulted …

Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults. High-grade neoplasms
are associated with poor prognoses, whereas low-grade neoplasms are associated with 5 …

Monoclonal antibodies against immune checkpoint blockade have proven to be a major
success in the treatment of melanoma. The programmed death receptor-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1) …

Background Osteosarcoma is one of the most common bone cancers in children. Most
patients with metastatic osteosarcoma die of pulmonary disease and limited curative …

Small-molecule targeted therapies have demonstrated outstanding potential in the clinic.
These drugs are designed to minimize adverse effects by selectively attacking cancer cells …

Non-small-cell lung cancer is still considered a difficult disease to manage because of its
aggressiveness and resistance to common therapies. Chemotherapy remains the gold …

Background: Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and PD ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression predict
the biological behaviour, aggressiveness, and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in …

Background Real‐world evidence of second‐line treatment and beyond with immune
checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in Chinese patients is lacking. Here, we aimed to assess the …

Resistance to antitumor immunity can be promoted by the oncogenic pathways operational
in human cancers, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway. Here we …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are new therapeutic strategies for non-small cell lung
cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to quantitatively evaluate the efficacy and safety of ICIs in …