This comprehensive introductory text integrates evolutionary, ecological, and demographic
perspectives with new results from field studies and contemporary noninvasive molecular …

Despite a long history of animal studies investigating coping styles, the causal connections
between behavior and stress physiology remain unclear. Consistency across taxa in effect …

Background There has been an increasing interest in the association between ambient
temperature and violence and crime, in the context of global warming. We aimed to evaluate …

Hot-spring tourism refers to entertainment, health preservation, commercial conferences,
and other leisure activities at hot-spring locations. This tourism often shows periodic …

Although temperature aggression theory maintains that a high temperature engenders more
aggressive behavior by irritating individuals, routine activity theory asserts that violent crime …

As the effects of global climate change become more apparent, animal species will become
increasingly affected by extreme climate and its effect on the environment. There is a …

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are hormones released in response to stressors and can provide
insight into an organism's physiological well‐being. Experiencing chronic challenges to …

Primates are popular species in wildlife tourism contexts and provide economic benefits to
habitat countries where primate-based tourism activities are a part of the country's tourism …

Maternal care towards dead infants has been observed in many wild and captive mammals,
but the consequences of this behavior for social interactions and the physiological status of …

Improving captive conditions of pygmy slow lorises (Nekaris and Nijman have recently
suggested that the pygmy slow loris should be called the pygmy loris and is distinctive …