Phagocytosis is the process of engulfment and internalization of comparatively large
particles by cells, and plays a central role in the functioning of our immune system. We study …

The obligate intracellular parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp. invade host
cells by injecting a protein complex into the membrane of the targeted cell that bridges the …

We consider a system of hardcore particles advected by a fluctuating potential energy
landscape, whose dynamics is in turn affected by the particles. Earlier studies have shown …

We study the force generation by a set of parallel actin filaments growing against an elastic
membrane. The elastic membrane tries to stay flat and any deformation from this flat state …

Polymerising filaments generate force against an obstacle, as in, eg, microtubule-
kinetochore interactions in the eukaryotic cell. Earlier studies of this problem have not …

Biomembranes experience out-of-equilibrium conditions in living cells. Their undulation
spectra are different from those in thermal equilibrium. Here, we report on the undulation of a …

We consider a one-dimensional elastic membrane, which is pushed by growing filaments.
The filaments tend to grow by creating local protrusions in the membrane and this process …

The forces that arise from the actin cortex play a crucial role in determining the membrane
deformation. These include protrusive forces due to actin polymerization, pulling forces due …

Bond graphs provide an energy-based methodology for modelling complex systems in a
hierarchical fashion; at the moment, the method allows biological system with both chemical …

To theoretically understand force generation properties of actin filaments, many models
consider growing filaments pushing against a movable obstacle or barrier. In order to grow …