Tumours can arise from thyroid follicular cells if they acquire driver mutations that
constitutively activate the MAPK signalling pathway. In addition, a limited set of additional …

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, with increasing incidence over
the past few decades. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is the gold standard for …

Endocrine tumors derive from endocrine cells with high heterogeneity in function, structure
and embryology, and are characteristic of a marked diversity and tissue heterogeneity …

The introduction and generalization of next-generation sequencing techniques have
significantly increased the identification of mutations in thyroid tumors from multiple patient …

In molecular pathology, predictive biomarkers identify which patients are likely to respond to
targeted drugs. These therapeutic agents block specific molecules directly involved in …

Introduction BRAF V600E and RAS mutations are the most common gene mutations in
papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) that may be correlated with its biological behavior. There …

Background Papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) have been attributed to the recent
increased incidence of thyroid cancer. Although indolent, a subset of PTMC could potentially …

Objective Insulin receptor substract 1 (IRS1) protein is an important signal transduction
adapter for extracellular signal transduction from insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor and its …

Tall cell papillary thyroid carcinoma (TC-PTC) is considered adverse histology. However,
previous studies are confounded by inconsistent criteria and strong associations with other …

Introduction: Molecular tests can contribute to improve the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid
nodules. Tests available are expensive and not adapted to different populations. Aim: This …