Challenges in education have continuously been addressed by integrating gamification, but
a gap remains for game design principles that support user engagement. This paper …

The gaming industry had rapidly been expanding globally, where it encompasses more than
the purpose of recreational and increasingly becomes more immersive and engaging, and …

A good solo player is not necessarily a good team player. Team games add an extra aspect
to games: teamwork, which may increase the skill ceiling to master the game. The …

Game refinement theory has been studied to derive a measurement of game sophistication.
Recently, it has been developed as physics in mind, which may relate to the state of player's …

An arcade game is one of the earliest forms of electronic entertainment in the history of
modern video games. Although arcade games have simple rules, people retain their interest …

Due to the advent of the Internet, massively multiplayer online role-playing games
(MMORPGs) have been enjoyed worldwide by many players simultaneously, and game …

From the perspective of audiences, game refinement (GR) theory is a theory and
measurement that was frequently used to assess the enjoyment and complex features of …

The compensation system called komi has been used in scoring games such as Go. In Go,
White (the second player) is at a disadvantage because Black gets to move first, giving that …

The notion of comfort with respect to rides, such as roller coasters, is typically addressed
from the perspective of a physical ride, where the convenience of transportation is redefined …

This study explores the intricate dynamics between player performance, reward frequency,
and unpredictability in gaming experiences within the context of game refinement theory. It …