OX40 is an important costimulatory molecule for T-cell expansion and survival. Because
OX40 is expressed on most T-cell subsets, it is an attractive therapeutic target for a variety of …

Desmosomes are adhesive cell contacts abundant in tissues exposed to mechanical strain,
such as the stratified and simple epithelia of the epidermis and mucous membranes, as well …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) make major contributions to immune homeostasis. Because Treg
dysfunction can lead to both allo-and autoimmunity, there is interest in correcting these …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) control adaptive immunity and restrain type 2 inflammation in
allergic disease. Interleukin-33 promotes the expansion of tissue-resident Tregs and group 2 …

Self-tolerance involves protection from self-reactive B and T cells via negative selection
during differentiation, programmed cell death, and inhibition of regulatory T cells. The …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are the master regulators of immunity and they have been
implicated in different disease states such as infection, autoimmunity and cancer. Since their …

Pemphigus is a life‐threatening autoimmune bullous disease mediated by anti‐desmoglein
IgG autoantibodies. Pemphigus is mainly classified into three subtypes: pemphigus vulgaris …

Gene editing of living cells has become a crucial tool in medical research, enabling
scientists to address fundamental biological questions and develop novel strategies for …

Background The meticulous selection of appropriate vaccine adjuvants is crucial for
optimizing immune responses. Traditionally, pemphigus vulgaris (PV), an autoimmune …

Autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs) are a group of life-threatening blistering diseases
caused by autoantibodies that target proteins in the skin and mucosa. Autoantibodies are …