The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is the main regulatory mechanism of protein
degradation in skeletal muscle. The ubiquitin-ligase enzymes (E3s) have a central role in …

This systematic review explored associations between smoking and health outcomes
involving the musculoskeletal system. AMSTAR criteria were followed. A comprehensive …

Smokers with diabetes mellitus substantially lower their risks of microvascular and
macrovascular diabetic complications, in particular cardiovascular disease, by quitting …

Nutritional abnormalities are frequent in different chronic respiratory diseases such as
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis (CF) …

Background Sarcopenia is prevalent in older persons and is a risk factor for falls, fractures,
and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine a) the feasibility of determining …

Background Bone health, especially osteoporosis among ageing populations, has become
an important topic for both clinical and basic researchers. The relationship between bone …

Purpose Recently, the detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on muscle metabolism has
attracted much attention, but the relationship between cigarette smoking and muscle mass is …

Introduction Apart from its adverse effects on the respiratory system, cigarette smoking also
induces skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction. Whether short-term smoking cessation can …

Metabolic syndrome is a growing epidemic that increases the risk for cardiovascular
disease, diabetes, stroke, and mortality. It is diagnosed by the presence of three or more of …

Background Studies indicate an effect of smoking toward abdominal obesity, but few assess
hip and waist circumferences (HC and WC) independently. The present study aimed to …