Long-haul heavy-duty vehicles, including trucks and coaches, contribute to a substantial
portion of the modern-day European carbon footprint and pose a major challenge in …

In renewable microgrid systems, energy storage system (ESS) plays an important role, as an
energy buffer, to stabilize the system by compensating the demand-generation mismatch …

Abstract The integrated Electrical Control Unit (ECU) assumes a pivotal role in overseeing
and coordinating various components within mobility systems, encompassing the Vehicle …

In this era of vehicle electrification from mild hybrids to fully electric cars, the importance of
fuel economy improvements has led to technological advancements in energy management …

This article aims to calculate, analyse and compare the optimal powertrain sizing solutions
for a long-haul plug-in series hybrid coach running on diesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil …

There has been a significant increase in demand for electric vehicles (EVs) in recent times
due to existing environmental situations and an ever rising concern for energy. Due to the …

This paper discusses the comparison of two series–parallel hybrid electrical vehicles. The
first one is based on the Toyota hybrid system, while the second one is equipped with an …

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) require the design of an energy management strategy
(EMS). Many EMS are solved using different types of deterministic rules (rule‐based (RB)) or …

The integrated Electronic Control Unit (ECU) plays a pivotal role in optimizing energy
efficiency within electric vehicles (EVs) by coordinating various subsystems, including the …

Lookup table (LUT)-based modeling of electric machines using finite element analysis (FEA)
is an accurate technique for high-fidelity real-time emulation of electric motors, however, the …