An association between arteriosclerosis and homocysteine (Hcy) was first demonstrated in
1969. Hcy is a sulfur containing amino acid derived from the essential amino acid …

Epidemiological studies established that elevated homocysteine, an important intermediate
in folate, vitamin B12, and one carbon metabolism, is associated with poor health, including …

Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) has profound biological effects within living organisms and is now
increasingly being considered alongside other gaseous signalling molecules, such as nitric …

An understanding of normal and abnormal ocular development is essential to the broader
subjects of anatomy, physiology, and pathology. Embryology provides both insight into the …

Combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria, cblC type, is stated to be the most
common inborn error of intracellular cobalamin metabolism. The disorder can display a wide …

Genetic disorders of homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism or a high‐methionine diet lead to
elevations of plasma Hcy levels. In humans, severe genetic hyperhomocysteinemia results …

Faithful translation of the genetic code during protein synthesis is fundamental to the growth,
development, and function of living organisms. Aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases (AARSs) …

Genetic or nutritional disorders in homocysteine (Hcy) or folate metabolism elevate plasma
Hcy‐thiolactone and lead to vascular and/or brain pathologies. Hcy‐thiolactone has the …

In adult systems, high homocysteine (HoCys) levels inhibit methylation reactions and can
induce apoptosis in the central nervous system. In embryos, exogenous HoCys is …

Severely elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels observed in genetic disorders of Hcy
metabolism are associated with pathologies in multiple organs and lead to premature death …