Background Fish classifications, as those of most other taxonomic groups, are being
transformed drastically as new molecular phylogenies provide support for natural groups …

The order Cypriniformes is the most diverse order of freshwater fishes. Recent phylogenetic
studies have approached a consensus on the phylogenetic relationships of Cypriniformes …

Cyprininae is the largest subfamily (> 1300 species) of the family Cyprinidae and contains
more polyploid species (∼ 400) than any other group of fishes. We examined the …

This review summarizes the achievements and novel perspectives that our fish
mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) project has brought to molecular phylogenetics and …

Morphological variation of the goldfish is known to have been established by artificial
selection for ornamental purposes during the domestication process. Chinese texts that date …

Background Leuciscinae is a subfamily belonging to the Cyprinidae fish family that is widely
distributed in Circum-Mediterranean region. Many efforts have been carried out to …

The phylogenetic relationships and classification of the freshwater fish order Cypriniformes,
like many other species-rich groups of vertebrates, has evolved over time with some …

Background Cypriniformes (minnows, carps, loaches, and suckers) is the largest group of
freshwater fishes in the world (~ 4300 described species). Despite much attention, previous …

The discovery of fluorescent proteins has revolutionized experimental biology. Whereas the
majority of fluorescent proteins have been identified from cnidarians, recently several …

Plants are the primary producers of the terrestrial ecosystems that dominate much of the
natural environment. Occurring approximately 480 Ma (Sanderson 2003; Kenrick et al …