Background The interplay of animal dispersal and environmental heterogeneity is
fundamental for the distribution of biodiversity on earth. In the ocean, the interaction of …

This chapter reviews the current knowledge of the marine (including deep-sea species) and
freshwater fishes of the Gulf of Guinea oceanic islands. Some biogeographic and …

Overfishing can lead to stock collapses of both target and bycatch species. In some cases,
unregulated fishing activities can even drive species towards extinction. Batoids comprise a …

Basic distribution and movements of elasmobranch species, particularly mesopredatory
rays, remain relatively unknown. This is especially true for the whitespotted eagle ray …

The family Carcharhinidae includes the most typical and recognizable sharks, although its
internal classification is the subject of extensive debate. In particular, the type genus …

Gymnurid rays are found in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions around the world,
where they are associated with sandy or muddy bottoms in coastal areas, being easily …

Many species targeted by multi‐gear small‐scale fisheries in developing countries are
poorly studied in terms of fisheries sustainability even as their contributions to biodiversity …

The spotted eagle ray Aetobatus ocellatus (Kuhl, 1923) has a widespread Indo-West Pacific
distribution and displays substantial population genetic structuring. Genetic data are crucial …

Elasmobranchs typically display slow growth, late maturity and low fecundity life history
characteristics, making them vulnerable to fishing pressures and environmental …

Extreme climate changes during the Cenozoic Era strengthened different biogeographical
barriers that decreased the connectivity among populations, triggering lineage …