In many group-living mammals, philopatric females form the stable core of the group and
defend food or shelter against other groups of females. Where males are larger, their …

As most organisms, humans and other apes compete for access to fitness-determining
resources and competition is expected to increase with the competitor-to-resource ratio. We …

Highlights•Marmosets increased their vigilance when the partner was feeding head
down.•This resulted in a turn-taking-like pattern of feeding and being vigilant.•Adults …

The evolution of predator–prey relationships is an important topic in primatology. Many
aspects of primate society have been explained as a response to predation pressure. While …

The costs and benefits of group living are also reflected in intraspecific variation in group
size. Yet, little is known about general patterns of fitness consequences of this variation. We …

Primate males normally protect reproductive females, genetic offspring, and other relatives
from external threats. Nevertheless, male protection of group members other than the above …

In environments with multiple predators, vulnerabilities associated with the spatial positions
of group-living prey are non-uniform and depend on the hunting styles of the predators …

The volunteer's dilemma is a well-known game in game theory that models the conflict
players face when deciding whether to volunteer for a collective benefit, knowing that …

Predation is widely recognized as a powerful selective pressure on primate behavior and
ecology, although knowledge of predator–prey relationships remains limited partly due to …

Adult males of many nonhuman primate species utter characteristic loud calls that are
audible over long distances and serve various functions. In response to large terrestrial …