The prevalence of female reproductive system disorders is increasing, especially among
women of reproductive age, significantly impacting their quality of life and overall health …

Introduction Pregnancy results in significant changes in drug pharmacokinetics (PK). While
previous studies have elucidated the impact of pregnancy-related hormones (PRH) on …

Introduction: Pregnancy increases the clearance of CYP3A4 substrate drugs and pregnancy-
related hormones (PRHs) induce hepatic CYP3A4 expression and metabolism. However, it …

Opioid use disorders (OUD) are a major issue in the US Current treatments for pregnant
women, like methadone and buprenorphine require daily dosing and have adverse effects …

In pre‐eclampsia models, nicotinamide (NAM) has protective effects in pre‐eclampsia and is
being evaluated as a therapeutic nutraceutical in clinical studies. NAM undergoes extensive …

To inform fetal drug safety, it is important to determine or predict fetal drug exposure
throughout pregnancy. The former is not possible in the first or second trimester. In contrast …

Abstract Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 is an essential drug-metabolizing enzyme in humans,
which shows substantial interindividual variation in response to various intrinsic and …

Intestinal P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) activity plays a crucial role in modulating the oral
bioavailability of its substrates. Fexofenadine has commonly been used as a P‐gp probe …

Over the past two decades, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos have garnered considerable
attention as an alternative model for developmental toxicity testing, offering a cost-effective …

Background Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) may be managed with oral anti-
hypertensives, however pregnancy induced changes in the hormonal milieu and volume of …