Irisin, a novel hormone like polypeptide, is cleaved and secreted by an unknown protease
from a membrane‐spanning protein, FNDC5 (fibronectin type III domain‐containing protein …

It is now established that adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and heart are endocrine organs
and secrete in normal and in pathological conditions several molecules, called, respectively …

Aerobic exercise involves in ameliorating kidney injury, but the underlying mechanisms are
not fully clarified. In this study, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of aerobic exercise …

Disorders of cardiomyocyte metabolism play a crucial role in many cardiovascular diseases,
such as myocardial infarction, heart failure and ischemia–reperfusion injury. In myocardial …

Incretins are gut hormones that potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) after
meals. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the most investigated incretin hormone …

Irisin is a hormone-like molecule mainly released by skeletal muscles in response to
exercise, which is proposed to induce the 'browning'of white adipose tissue. Since its …

Myocardial infarction is characterized by cardiomyocyte death and mitochondrial dysfunction
induced by ischemia. Ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death, has been found to play critical …

Aims: Cardiac lipotoxicity is the common consequence of lipid metabolism disorders in
cardiomyocytes during development of heart failure (HF). Adenosine 5′ monophosphate …

Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are the leading causes of death and disability
worldwide and impose a tremendous socioeconomic burden on individuals as well as the …

Irisin, a PGC1α-dependent myokine, was once believed to have beneficial effects induced
by exercise. Since its first discovery of adipose browning in 2012, multiple studies have …