Most chronic inflammatory illnesses include fibrosis as a pathogenic characteristic.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) components build up in excess to cause fibrosis or scarring. The …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a global epidemic and is the
third leading cause of death worldwide. COPD is characterized by chronic airway …

Background α-Klotho is a geroprotective protein that can attenuate or alleviate deleterious
changes with ageing and disease. Declines in α-Klotho play a role in the pathophysiology of …

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family is composed of 18 secreted signaling proteins
consisting of canonical FGFs and endocrine FGFs that activate four receptor tyrosine …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease of unknown origin
that usually results in death from secondary respiratory failure within 2–5 years of diagnosis …

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) and Klotho play an essential role in the regulation of
mineral metabolism, and both are altered as a consequence of renal failure. FGF23 …

Chronic illnesses rarely present in a vacuum, devoid of other complications, and chronic
kidney disease is hardly an exception. Comorbidities associated with chronic kidney …

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic pulmonary disease that is
characterized by an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (eg …

Vitamin D is well known for its role as a calcium regulator and in maintenance of phosphate
homeostasis in musculoskeletal health, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and its …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating lung disease with limited therapeutic
possibilities. FGF19 (fibroblast growth factor 19), an endocrine FGF, was recently shown to …