TGFβ signalling has key roles in cancer progression: most carcinoma cells have inactivated
their epithelial antiproliferative response and benefit from increased TGFβ expression and …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) represents an evolutionarily conserved family of
secreted polypeptide factors that regulate many aspects of physiological embryogenesis …

Metabolic reprogramming, including enhanced biosynthesis of macromolecules, altered
energy metabolism, and maintenance of redox homeostasis, is considered a hallmark of …

Balanced immunity is pivotal for health and homeostasis. CD4+ helper T (Th) cells are
central to the balance between immune tolerance and immune rejection. Th cells adopt …

Encoded in mammalian cells by 33 genes, the transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) family
of secreted, homodimeric and heterodimeric proteins controls the differentiation of most, if …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) plays an important role in normal development and
homeostasis. Dysregulation of TGF-β responsiveness and its downstream signaling …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a cytokine essential for the induction of the fibrotic
response and for the activation of the cancer stroma. Strong evidence suggests that a strong …

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. In many cases, the treatment of the disease is
limited due to the metastasis of cells to distant locations of the body through the blood and …

The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling events are well known to control diverse
processes and numerous responses, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis …

Tumors comprise cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their heterogeneous progeny within a
stromal microenvironment. In response to transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β), epithelial …