The most widespread intracellular bacteria in the animal kingdom are maternally inherited
endosymbionts of the genus Wolbachia. Their prevalence in arthropods and nematodes …

Vertebrates harbour microbes both internally and externally, and collectively, these
microorganisms (the 'microbiome') contain genes that outnumber the host's genetic …

Groundbreaking research on the universality and diversity of microorganisms is now
challenging the life sciences to upgrade fundamental theories that once seemed …

Phylosymbiosis was recently proposed to describe the eco-evolutionary pattern, whereby
the ecological relatedness of host-associated microbial communities parallels the phylogeny …

Given the complexity of host-microbiota symbioses, scientists and philosophers are asking
questions at new biological levels of hierarchical organization—what is a holobiont and …

Intracellular endosymbiotic bacteria are found in many terrestrial arthropods and have a
profound influence on host biology. A basic question about these symbionts is why they …

The genus Wolbachia is an archetype of maternally inherited intracellular bacteria that infect
the germline of numerous invertebrate species worldwide. They can selfishly alter arthropod …

Our understanding of species evolution is undergoing restructuring. It is well accepted that
host–symbiont coevolution is responsible for fundamental aspects of biology. However, the …

Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is the most common symbiont-induced reproductive
manipulation. Specifically, symbiont-induced sperm modifications cause catastrophic mitotic …

The integration of research from developmental biology and ecology into evolutionary theory
has given rise to a relatively new field, ecological evolutionary developmental biology (Eco …