Over the past two decades, elucidation of the genetic defects that underlie cancer has
resulted in a plethora of novel targeted cancer drugs. Although these agents can initially be …

The establishing of the first cancer models created a new perspective on the identification
and evaluation of new anti-cancer therapies in preclinical studies. Patient-derived xenograft …

Even among genetically identical cancer cells, resistance to therapy frequently emerges
from a small subset of those cells,,,,,–. Molecular differences in rare individual cells in the …

Therapeutic resistance continues to be an indominable foe in our ambition for curative
cancer treatment. Recent insights into the molecular determinants of acquired treatment …

The success of targeted therapies in cancer treatment has been impeded by various
mechanisms of resistance. Besides the acquisition of resistance-conferring genetic …

Metastatic dissemination of solid tumors, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality,
underscores the urgent need for enhanced insights into the molecular and cellular …

Persistent cancer cells are the discrete and usually undetected cells that survive cancer drug
treatment and constitute a major cause of treatment failure. These cells are characterized by …

Patient‐derived tumour xenografts and tumour organoids have become important preclinical
model systems for cancer research. Both models maintain key features from their parental …

Intratumor heterogeneity, which fosters tumor evolution, is a key challenge in cancer
medicine. Here, we review data and technologies that have revealed intra-tumor …

Therapies that target signalling molecules that are mutated in cancers can often have
substantial short-term effects, but the emergence of resistant cancer cells is a major barrier …