There are many reasons why it is important that we find ways to conserve, and better utilize
natural enemies of invertebrate crop pests. Currently, measures of natural enemy impact are …

Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest of maize and sorghum in sub-
Saharan Africa. One century after its first description by Fuller in 1901, inaccurate …

Invasive alien species have environmental, economic and social impacts, disproportionally
threatening livelihood and food security of smallholder farmers in low-and medium-income …

Assessing effects of climate change on agricultural systems and the potential for ecological
intensification to increase food security in developing countries is essential to guide …

The interactions among insect communities influence the composition of pest complexes
that attack crops and, in parallel, their natural enemies, which regulate their abundance. The …

BACKGROUND Hymenopteran parasitoids provide key natural pest regulation services and
are reared commercially as biological control agents. Therefore, understanding parasitoid …

How does diversity in nature come about? One factor contributing to this diversity are
species interactions; diversity on one trophic level can shape diversity on lower or higher …

Plant infestation, stem borer density, parasitism, and parasitoid abundance were assessed
during two years in two host plants, Zea mays (L.)(Cyperales: Poaceae) and Sorghum …

The conservation biological control (CBC) concept has been explored through research
conducted in northern Cameroon on larval parasitism of Helicoverpa armigera, a major …

Average maize yield in eastern Africa is 2.03 t ha− 1 as compared to global average of 6.06 t
ha− 1 due to biotic and abiotic constraints. Amongst the biotic production constraints in …