The F plasmid or F-factor is a large, 100-kbp, circular conjugative plasmid of Escherichia coli
and was originally described as a vector for horizontal gene transfer and gene …

Toxin–antitoxin (TA) genes were first reported in plasmids and were considered expendable
genetic cassettes involved in the stable maintenance of the plasmid replicon by interfering …

Abstract The World Health Organization has declared the emergence of antibiotic resistance
to be a global threat to human health. Broad-host-range plasmids have a key role in causing …

Horizontal gene transfer is a key process in the evolution of bacteria and also represents a
source of genetic variation in eukaryotes. Among elements participating in gene transfer …

Certain Salmonella enterica serovars belonging to subspecies I carry low-copy-number
virulence plasmids of variable size (50–90 kb). All of these plasmids share the spv operon …

The stable maintenance of certain plasmids in bacterial populations has contributed
significantly to the current worldwide antibiotic resistance (AbR) emergency. IncX plasmids …

Although differing in size, encoded traits, host range, and replication mechanism, both
narrow-host-range theta-type conjugative enterobacterial plasmid R1 and promiscuous …

Bacterial plasmids constitute a wealth of shared DNA amounting to about 20% of the total
prokaryotic pangenome. Plasmids replicate autonomously and control their replication by …

Although not evolved to function in eukaryotes, prokaryotic toxin Kid induces apoptosis in
human cells, and this is avoided by coexpression of its neutralizing antitoxin, Kis. Inspired by …

La conjugación es uno de los principales mecanismos de transferencia genética horizontal
entre bacterias. Este proceso consiste en el intercambio de material genético entre dos …