G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) kinases (GRKs) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-
1α) play key roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Several studies have demonstrated that HIF …

Objective CD8+ T cells contribute to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by releasing proinflammatory
and cytolytic mediators, even in a challenging hypoxic and nutrient‐poor microenvironment …

For a long time, genetic studies of complex diseases were most successfully conducted in
animal models. However, the field of genetics is now rapidly evolving, and human genetics …

Objective To further explore the mechanism of etanercept (ENT, rhTNFR: Fc) and
methotrexate (MTX) in the combined treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we investigated …

Aims Interindividual differences in analgesic drug response complicate the clinical
management of pain. We aimed to identify genetic factors responsible for variable sensitivity …

Identification of genes controlling complex diseases has proven to be difficult; however,
animal models may pave the way to determine how low penetrant genes interact to promote …

Resolving the genetic basis of complex diseases like rheumatoid arthritis will require
knowledge of the corresponding diseases in experimental animals to enable translational …

Linkage analysis of F 2 crosses has led to identification of large numbers of quantitative trait
loci (QTL) for complex diseases, but identification of the underlying genes has been more …

Genetic segregation analysis between NOD and C57BL strains have been used to identify
loci associated with autoimmune disease. Only two loci (Cia2 and Cia9) had earlier been …

One of the major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with arthritis in crosses between
B10. RIII and RIIIS/J mice is the Cia5 on chromosome 3. Early in the congenic mapping …