Iron holds a central position at the host–pathogen interface because mammalian and
microbial cells have an essential demand for the metal, which is required for many metabolic …

Highlights•The Salmonellae PhoPQ virulence system is a major regulator of outer
membrane (OM) lipids and proteins.•Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) regulation increases …

Humans and their microbiota have coevolved a mutually beneficial relationship in which the
human host provides a hospitable environment for the microorganisms and the microbiota …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) expressing the nuclear receptor RORγt are essential for gut
immunity presumably through production of interleukin-22 (IL-22). The molecular …

The intestinal microbiota has a critical role in immune system and metabolic homeostasis,
but it must be tolerated by the host to avoid inflammatory responses that can damage the …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) contribute to host resistance to microbial pathogens and can drive
the evolution of virulence mechanisms. We have examined the relationship between host …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic life-long inflammatory disease affecting
almost 2 million Americans. Although new biologic therapies have been developed, the …

The mammalian intestine is colonized by a dense microbial community, the microbiota.
Homeostatic and symbiotic interactions facilitate the peaceful co‐existence between the …

The intestinal microbiota is composed of hundreds of species of bacteria, fungi and protozoa
and is critical for numerous biological processes, such as nutrient acquisition, vitamin …

Salmonella enterica is a frequent gastrointestinal pathogen with ability to cause diseases
ranging from local gastrointestinal inflammation and diarrhea to life‐threatening typhoid …