Over a long period of evolution, insects have developed unique intestinal defenses against
invasion by foreign microorganisms, including physical defenses and immune responses …

The gut is a crucial organ in insect defense against various pathogens and harmful
substances in their environment and diet. Distinct insect gut compartments possess unique …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are innate immune effectors first studied for their role in host
defence. Recent studies have implicated these peptides in the clearance of aberrant cells …

The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas lives in microbe-rich marine coastal systems subjected
to rapid environmental changes. It harbours a diversified and fluctuating microbiota that …

While largely neglected over decades during which adaptive immunity captured most of the
attention, innate immune mechanisms have now become central to our understanding of …

Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid that can be metabolized via endogenous and
exogenous pathways, including the Kynurenine Pathway, the 5-Hydroxyindole Pathway …

Post-developmental organ resizing improves organismal fitness under constantly changing
nutrient environments. Although stem cell abundance is a fundamental determinant of …

Endocrine signaling networks control diverse biological processes and life history traits
across metazoans. In both invertebrate and vertebrate taxa, steroid hormones regulate …

To maintain an effective barrier, intestinal progenitor cells must divide at a rate that matches
the loss of dead and dying cells. Otherwise, epithelial breaches expose the host to systemic …

The rumen plays an indispensable role in ruminants to utilize ligno-cellulosic material and
convert non-protein nitrogen into nutrients otherwise unavailable for human consumption …