Importance Opioid analgesics are commonly used for low back pain, however, to our
knowledge there has been no systematic evaluation of the effect of opioid dose and use of …

The widespread abuse of prescription opioids and a dramatic increase in the availability of
illicit opioids have created what is commonly referred to as the opioid epidemic. The …

Overdose deaths from prescription opioid pain relievers nearly quadrupled between 1999
and 2010. We study the consequences of one of the largest supply disruptions to date to …

Methods: We performed an extensive literature search in Google Scholar and Pub Med
databases that were published between December 7, 1999 and January 9, 2018 in …

Opioid overdoses, many of which are attributed to use of illicit fentanyl, are currently one of
the leading causes of death in the US Although fentanyl has been used safely for decades in …

This paper reviews studies examining the pharmacological interactions and epidemiology of
the combined use of opioids and benzodiazepines (BZDs). A search of English language …

Overdose deaths involving opioids have increased dramatically since the 1990s, leading to
the worst drug overdose epidemic in US history, but there is limited empirical evidence …

This qualitative study documents the pathways to injecting heroin by users in Philadelphia
and San Francisco before and during a pharmaceutical opioid pill epidemic. Data was …

Opioid use kills tens of thousands of Americans each year, devastates families and entire
communities, and cripples the health care system. Exposure to opioids causes long-term …

I focus on issues surrounding the promotion and marketing of controlled drugs and their
regulatory oversight. Compared with noncontrolled drugs, controlled drugs, with their …