1.1. Discovery of the Phospholipase A2 Superfamily Phospholipases represent one of the
earliest enzyme activities to be identified and studied, and the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) …

Uptake of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles by macrophages represents a key step in
the development of atherosclerotic plaques, leading to the foam cell formation. Chemical …

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) possess key atheroprotective biological properties,
including cellular cholesterol efflux capacity, and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory …

The development of atherosclerotic vascular disease is invariably linked to the formation of
bioactive lipid mediators and accompanying vascular inflammation. Lipoprotein-associated …

Some monocytes normally take up residence in tissues as sessile macrophages, but others
differentiate into migratory cells resembling dendritic cells that emigrate to lymph nodes. In …

Increased LDL oxidation is associated with coronary artery disease. The predictive value of
circulating oxidized LDL is additive to the Global Risk Assessment Score for cardiovascular …

Data from basic science experiments is overwhelmingly supportive of the causal role of
immune‐inflammatory response (s) at the core of atherosclerosis, and therefore, the …

Oxidative stress, an emerging risk factor for premature atherosclerosis and cardiovascular
disease, mediates the formation of proinflammatory, pro-atherogenic oxidized low-density …

Several emerging plasma biomarkers may ultimately prove useful in risk stratification and
prognosis of cardiovascular disease. The clinical utility of these biomarkers will depend on …

Observational studies provide overwhelming evidence that a low high-density lipoprotein
(HDL)–cholesterol level increases the risk of coronary events, both in healthy subjects and …