Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis
and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in …

Na+/H+ exchangers play pivotal roles in the control of cell and tissue pH by mediating the
electroneutral exchange of Na+ and H+ across cellular membranes. They belong to an …

Potassium channels participate in many biological functions, from ion homeostasis to
generation and modulation of the electrical membrane potential. They are involved in a …

Initial biophysical studies on glial cells nearly 50 years ago identified these cells as being
electrically silent. These first studies also demonstrated a large K+ conductance, which led …

TWIK-1 is a member of the two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channel family that plays an essential
part in the regulation of resting membrane potential and cellular excitability. The …

Recent X-ray crystal structures of the two-pore domain (K2P) family of potassium channels
have revealed a unique structural architecture at the point where the cytoplasmic bundle …

High-affinity Potassium Transporters (HKTs) belong to an important class of integral
membrane proteins (IMPs) that facilitate cation transport across the plasma membranes of …

Over the last decade, we have seen an enormous increase in the number of experimental
studies on two-pore-domain potassium channels (K 2P-channels). The collection of reviews …

K+ channels fulfill roles spanning from the control of excitability to the regulation of
transepithelial transport. Here we review two groups of K+ channels, pH-regulated K2P …

Noxious substances, called algogens, cause pain and are used as defensive weapons by
plants and stinging insects. We identified four previously unknown instances of algogen …