Trypanosoma evansi, the agent of “surra,” is a salivarian trypanosome, originating from
Africa. It is thought to derive from Trypanosoma brucei by deletion of the maxicircle …

Stomoxys flies are mechanical vectors of pathogens present in the blood and skin of their
animal hosts, especially livestock, but occasionally humans. In livestock, their direct effects …

This paper reviews the transmission modes of Trypanosoma evansi. Its worldwide
distribution is attributed to mechanical transmission. While the role of tabanids is clear, we …

Tabanids are nuisance pests for people and livestock because of their painful and irritating
bite, persistent biting behavior, and blood ingestion. About 4400 tabanid species have been …

A specific concept of strain was developed in order to classify the BTV serotypes ever
reported in Europe based on their properties of animal health impact: the genotype …

The biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic techniques, and history of the
introduction of Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax in the New World are reviewed. The two …

Abstract Background Trypanosomosis caused by Trypanosoma vivax is one of the diseases
threatening the health and productivity of livestock in Africa and Latin America …

This review focuses on the most reliable and up-to-date methods for diagnosing
trypanosomoses, a group of diseases of wild and domestic mammals, caused by …

An epidemiological study was conducted to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis in
cattle, small ruminants and Equidae, and to identify biting flies; potential mechanical vectors …

Mechanical transmission of pathogens by biting insects is a non-specific phenomenon in
which pathogens are transmitted from the blood of an infected host to another host during …