The environment is increasingly being recognized for the role it might play in the global
spread of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance. Environmental regulators monitor and …

BACKGROUND Antibiotics are among the most important tools in medicine, but their efficacy
is threatened by the evolution of resistance. Since the earliest days of antibiotics, resistance …

Antibiotic resistance, prompted by the overuse of antimicrobial agents, may arise from a
variety of mechanisms, particularly horizontal gene transfer of virulence and antibiotic …

Gram-negative bacterial pathogens have an outer membrane that restricts entry of
molecules into the cell. Water-filled protein channels in the outer membrane, so-called …

Antibiotics target essential cellular functions but bacteria can become resistant by acquiring
either exogenous resistance genes or chromosomal mutations. Resistance mutations …

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been considered as emerging contaminants of
concern nowadays. There are no special technologies designed to directly remove ARGs in …

Antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections are a major concern to public health. Phage therapy
has been proposed as a promising alternative to antibiotics, but an increasing number of …

Acinetobacter is a complex genus, and historically, there has been confusion about the
existence of multiple species. The species commonly cause nosocomial infections …

The importance of the microbiome to human health is increasingly recognized and has
become a major focus of recent research. However, much of the work has focused on a few …

MCR-1 is a lipid A modifying enzyme that confers resistance to the antibiotic colistin. Here,
we analyse the impact of MCR-1 expression on E. coli morphology, fitness, competitiveness …