Oysters, the common name for a number of different bivalve molluscs, are the worldwide
aquaculture species and also play vital roles in the function of ecosystem. As invertebrate …

Marine bivalves, which include many species worldwide, from intertidal zones to
hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, are important components of the ecosystem and …

Objectives: This review presents and discusses basic science findings and scientific
evidence generated within the last 2 decades in the field of acute postoperative pain …

More than 20% of adults worldwide experience different types of chronic pain, which are
frequently associated with several comorbidities and a decrease in quality of life. Several …

Despite the intense research on developing new therapies for neuropathic pain states,
available treatments have limited efficacy and unfavorable safety profiles. Epigenetic …

Cognitive impairment is one of the most common complications associated with chronic
pain. Almost 20% of chronic pain patients suffer from cognitive impairment, which may …

Epigenetics deals with alterations to the gene expression that occur without change in the
nucleotide sequence in the DNA. Various covalent modifications of the DNA and/or the …

Neuropathic pain is a worldwide health concern with poor treatment outcomes.
Accumulating evidence suggests that histone hypoacetylation is involved in development …

Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with various disabilities in the offspring
such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, learning disabilities, and persistent anxiety …

Chronic pain afflicts as much as 50% of the population at any given time but our methods to
address pain remain limited, ineffective and addictive. In order to develop new therapies an …