Human's quest for innovation, finding solutions of problems, and upgrading the industrial
yield with energy efficient and cost‐effective materials has opened the avenues of …

The antioxidant system of the human body plays a crucial role in maintaining redox
homeostasis and has an important protective function. Carotenoids have pronounced …

Until recently, the primary focus of photobiology has centered on the impact of UV radiation
on skin health, including DNA damage and oncogenesis; however, the significant effects of …

Written by experienced and internationally renowned contributors, this is the fourth edition of
what has become the standard reference for cosmetic scientists and dermatologists seeking …

Skin aging does not only occur by passing time alone but also by the exposure to different
environmental factors. The skin aging process, which is induced by environmental factors, is …

No one would underestimate the importance of sunlight to the evolution of life on the earth
and its role in human development. However, all humans–especially individuals who are …

The human skin, as the boundary organ between the human body and the environment, is
under the constant influence of free radicals (FR), both from the outside in and from the …

The generation of ROS underlies all solar infrared-affected therapeutic and pathological
cutaneous effects. The signaling pathway NF-kB is responsible for the induced therapeutic …

The health consequences of sun exposure have concerned mankind for more than 100
years. Recent molecular studies in photodermatology have greatly advanced our …

In contrast to ultraviolet and infrared irradiation, which are known to facilitate cutaneous
photoaging, immunosuppression, or tumour emergence due to formation of free radicals and …